Background and Objective: This study has considered for potential plant species Ricinus communis of remediation METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE drug.Method: In phytoremediation method for remediation of METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE solution, the first Ricinus communishas been cultured in the soil and then METFORMIN absorption of solution has been kept with 20 ppm and 50 ppm in control and laboratory situation, for 14 days. Finally the solution has been injected to HPLC device to detected of remind METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE drug.Findings: the end of 14 days has been recognized Ricinus communis has %45.06 and 21 % efficiency in two different 20 ppm and 50 ppm.Discussion and Conclusion: This study has been shown that the maximum %45.06 has been remediated from METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE solution that related to minimum (20 ppm) of METFORMIN solution. The result has been shown that Ricinus communis can be middle species for remediation of METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE drug from METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE solution.

Purpose: In this work a numerical method, based on the use of spectrophotometric data coupled to partial least squares (PLS) regression and net analyte preprocessing combined with classical least square (NAP/CLS) multivariate calibration, is reported for the simultaneous determination of METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE (MET), gliclazide (GLZ) and pioglitazone HYDROCHLORIDE (PIO) in synthetic samples and combined commercial tablets.Methods: Spectra of MET, GLZ and PIO were recorded at concentrations within their linear ranges (5-25 mg/ml, 0.5-8 mg/ml and 0.5-3 mg/ml respectively) and were used to compute a total of 25 synthetic mixtures involving 15 calibration and 10 validation sets between wavelength range of 200 and 400 nm in 0.1N HCl. The suitability of the models was decided on the basis of root mean square error (RMSE) values of calibration and validation data.Results: The analytical performances of these chemometric methods were characterized by relative prediction errors and recovery studies (%) and were compared with each other. These two methods were successfully applied to pharmaceutical formulation, tablet, with no interference with excipients as indicated by the recovery study results. Mean recoveries of the commercial formulation set together with the figures of merit (calibration sensitivity, selectivity, limit of detection, limit of quantification etc.) were estimated.Conclusion: The proposed methods are simple, rapid and can be easily used as an alternative analysis tool in the quality control of drugs and formulation.

METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE, a drug group of biguanides, with significant efficacy in the treatment of diabetes type II, is decomposed before reaching to the stomach and is wasted in great losses. In this study, the nanoliposomes of METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE were prepared with Bingham method. At first, the single factor test is done. Design variables are: lecithin to cholesterol ratio, organic solvent phase to aqueous solvent phase and formation time. The optimal ratios in vitro are obtained 7: 1, 4: 1, and 2.20, respectively. Entrapment efficiency is obtained 89.74. Then, by design of expert software, RSM method is used in five areas for evaluating the data. Optimum conditions were 6.97:1, 4.46: 1, and 151.29, respectively and entrapment efficiency is obtained 90.9. Finally, phosphatidylethanolamine has replaced the lecithin and the entrapment efficiency was obtained as 93.04. So, using of phosphatidylethanolamine has been better than lecithin in pH=7.4. Various physicochemical characteristics of METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE nanoliposomes were determined and evaluated. The mean size of METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE nanoliposomes based on phosphatidylethanolamine and lecithin with well-defined spherical shape was 52nm and 83nm, respectively. Based upon the in vitro release profiles, METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE nanoliposomes exhibited a sustained-releasing potential in addition to the release behavior followed the Weibull equation. Release ratio for nanoliposomes based on phosphatidylethanolamine and lecithin are obtained 20% and 36.66%, respectively. The results indicated that the encapsulation of METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE into nanoliposomes proved to be a promising technology for more widespread uses. Encapsulation by phosphatidylethanolamine nanoliposome and release ratio by lecithin nanoliposome has been desired conditions.

Zipper-like thermosensitive molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) based on konjac glucomannan (KGM) for METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE were prepared using KGM, a natural polysaccharide, as the matrix, acrylamide (AM) and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) as the comonomers, N, N′,-methylenebis(acrylamide) as the cross-linking agent, ceric ammonium nitrate as the initiator, and METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE as the template molecule. The resultant MIPs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), thermal gravimetric analyzing (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The interpolymer interactions between poly (AM) and poly (AMPS) were demonstrated by the results of ultraviolet spectrometry (UV), indicating that MIPs with zipper-like structure could be fabricated. The thermo-responsive MIPs with on/off-switchable characteristic were evaluated by the method of cyclic voltammetry (CV). The adsorption experiment showed that the target molecules could be controlled to be adsorbed/desorbed by changing the external temperature. The adsorption capacity at high temperature was higher than that at low temperature. Moreover, the adsorption capacity of MIPs was much higher than that of NIPs. The results of adsorption experiments showed that the MIPs could specifically recognize and adsorb METFORMIN with excellent selectivity, repeatability, and stability. Langmuir equation and Freundlich equation were applied to fit the adsorption isotherms of MIPs and the results showed that the Langmuir equation fitted better than the Freundlich equation. The product is expected to serve as a novel adsorption and separation material.

The floating microspheres have been utilized to obtain prolonged and uniform release in the stomach for development of a once daily formulation. The major advantage of the preparation technique includes short processing time, the lack of exposure of the ingredients to high temperature, and high encapsulation efficiencies. In the present study, preparation of METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE floating microspheres, evaluation of Floating Drug Delivery System (FDDS) in vitro, prediction of the release, and optimization of floatation and drug release pattern to match target release profile was investigated. Floating microspheres were prepared by non-aqueous emulsification solvent evaporation technique using Ethylcellulose as the rate controlling polymer and 250 mg of METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE per batch and its in vitro performance was evaluated by the usual pharmacopoeial and other tests such as drug-polymer compatibility (FTIR scan), yield (%), particle size analysis, drug entrapment efficiency, surface topography, and in vitro floatation and release studies. Results showed that the mixing ratio of components in the organic phase affected the size, size distribution (250-1000 μm), drug content (61 – 134% of theoretical load), yield (58 – 87%) and drug release of microspheres (47 – 87% after 8 h), floating time (> 8 hr) and the best results were obtained at the ratio of drug: polymer: solvent (250:750:12 and 250:146.45:9 [mg: mg: ml]), when both the batches were mixed in equal proportions. In most cases good in vitro floating behavior was observed and a broad variety of drug release pattern could be achieved by variation of the polymer and solvent ratio, which was optimized to match target release profile. The developed floating microspheres of METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE may be used in clinic for prolonged drug release in stomach for at least 8 hrs, thereby improving the bioavailability and patient compliance.

Background and Objectives: Limited diabetes drug availability and frequent adverse reactions to oral medications highlight the need for improved drug delivery. This study suggests optimizing drug efficiency through process modifications, focusing on anti-diabetic medications like METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE. Matrix-type formulations are utilized to overcome current drug targeting and dosage management limitations. Methods: This study aims to improve anti-diabetic drugs, focusing on METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE, via process modifications in drug delivery. We developed a sustainable drug release process with matrix-type formulations, comparing hydroxyl propyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and guar gum as rate-controlling polymers. The optimized formulation was then compared with Glyciphage SR 500 to identify similarities and differences in drug release profiles. Results: We utilized matrix-type formulations to administer METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE. It develops a sustainable drug release process with HPMC and guar gum as rate-controlling polymers. Next, we conducted comparative drug release studies, systematically optimized the formulation, and compared it to Glyciphage SR 500 using appropriate analytical methods. Results: Comparative dissolution data, including a high similarity factor (f2) of 75.33 with Glyciphage SR 500, emphasizes the promising resemblance between METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE tablet (MT5) and the market sample, warranting further stability studies for potential upscaling. Conclusion: The study's novelty lies in successfully formulating sustained-release MT5 using HPMC K100M and guar gum via wet granulation, demonstrating a potential reduction in dosing frequency and adverse effects. MT5's optimal physical and chemical parameters and sustained drug release exceeded 99% at 12 hours.

Background: U To analyze the effect of METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE combined with insulin pump for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: Overall, 216 patients with GDM in Zhangqiu Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, China from Aug 2018 to Dec 2020 were enrolled and randomized into research and control groups. Patients in the control group were treated with insulin pump, while those in the research group were treated with METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE combined with insulin pump. The clinical efficacy, blood glucose levels, serum Betatrophin, C reactive protein (CRP), Cystatin C (Cys-C), homocysteine (Hcy), adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α, ), interleukin-6 (IL-6) content, incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and incidence of adverse newborns of patients in the two groups were compared. Results: After treatment, the total clinical efficiency of the research group was 84. 26%, significantly higher than that of the control group (68. 52%). The levels of FPG, 2hPG, HbAlc, serum Betatrophin, CRP, CysC, Hcy, adiponectin factors, TNF-α, , and IL-6 in the research group were lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0. 05). The overall incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes was 10. 19% in the research group, and 25. 93% in the control group. The comparative differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0. 05). The overall incidence of adverse newborns was 9. 26% in the research group, and 21. 30% in the control group. The comparative differences between the two groups were statistically significant as well (P<0. 05). Conclusion: METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE combined with insulin pump for GDM can significantly reduce blood glucose level, regulate serum protein factor levels, and improve adverse outcomes for mother and child, which deserves clinical promotion.

Background: Limited diabetes drug availability and frequent adverse reactions to oral medications highlight the need for improved drug delivery. Objectives: This study suggests optimizing drug efficiency through process modifications, focusing on anti-diabetic medications like METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE. Matrix-type formulations are utilized to overcome current drug targeting and dosage management limitations. Methods: This study aims to improve anti-diabetic drugs, focusing on METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE, via process modifications in drug delivery. We developed a sustainable drug release process with matrix-type formulations, comparing hydroxyl propyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and guar gum as rate-controlling polymers. The optimized formulation was then compared with Glyciphage SR 500 to identify similarities and differences in drug release profiles. Results: We utilized matrix-type formulations to administer METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE. It develops a sustainable drug release process with HPMC and guar gum as rate-controlling polymers. Next, we conducted comparative drug release studies, systematically optimized the formulation, and compared it to Glyciphage SR 500 using appropriate analytical methods.  Comparative dissolution data, including a high similarity factor (f2) of 75. 33 with Glyciphage SR 500, emphasizes the promising resemblance between METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE tablet (MT5) and the market sample, warranting further stability studies for potential upscaling. Conclusion: The study's novelty lies in successfully formulating sustained-release MT5 using HPMC K100M and guar gum via wet granulation, demonstrating a potential reduction in dosing frequency and adverse effects. MT5's optimal physical and chemical parameters and sustained drug release exceeded 99% at 12 hours.

The present study involves preparation and evaluation of gastric-mucoadhesive microparticles with METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE as model drug for prolongation of gastric residence time. The microparticles were prepared by the emulsification solvent evaporation technique using polymers of Carbomer 934p (CP) and Ethylcellulose (EC).The microparticles were prepared by emulsion solvent evaporation method (O1/O2). Disc formulations were prepared by direct compression technique from microparticles. In the current study, gastric-mucoadhesive microparticles with different polymers ratios (CP: EC) were prepared and were characterized by encapsulation efficiency, particle size, flowability, mucoadhesive property and drug release studies.The best polymers ratio was 1: 3 (F2) with Carbomer 934p (as mucoadhesive polymer) and ethylcellulose (as retardant polymer), respectively. The production yield microparticles F2 showed 98.80%, mean particle size 933.25 mm and loading efficiency %98.44. The results were found that microparticle discs prepared had slower release than microparticles (p>0.05). The microparticles exhibited very good percentage of mucoadhesion and flowability properties. The release of drug was prolonged to 8 h (71.65-82.22%) when incorporated into mucoadhesive microparticles. The poor bioavailability of METFORMINe is attributed to short retention of its dosage form at the absorption sites (in upper gastrointestinal tract). The results of mucoadhesion study showed better retention of METFORMINe microparticles (8 h) in duodenal and jejunum regions of intestine (F1, 1: 2 ratio of CP: EC).Therefore, it may be concluded that drug loaded gastric-mucoadhesive microparticles are a suitable delivery system for METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE, and may be used for effective management of NIDDM (Non Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus).

METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE (MFH) is an oral anti-diabetic drug of biguanide class. Two selective spectrophotometric methods were presented for the determination of MFH in pharmaceuticals. The methods were based on the measurement of yellow-coloured chargetransfer complexes formed between MFH and two poly-nitrophenols, namely, 2, 4-dinitrophenol (DNP method, at 405 nm) and picric acid (PA method; at 410 nm) in dichloromethane medium. The variables which affect the complex formation were studied and optimized. Beer’ s law was obeyed over the concentration ranges: 2. 4-48. 0 and 3. 2-64. 0 μ g ml-1 with molar absorptivity values of 3. 24 × 103 and 2. 30 × 103 l mol-1 cm-1, with DNP method and PA method, respectively. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were calculated to be 0. 13 and 0. 40 μ g ml-1 for DNP method and 0. 19 and 0. 59 μ g ml-1 for PA method. Methods were validated for accuracy, precision, robustness, ruggedness and selectivity. The proposed methods were applied to the determination of MFH in tablets. The accuracy and precision of the methods were found excellent. Accuracy of the methods was ascertained by recovery test via standard-addition procedure. The methods were applied to spiked human urine sample without detectable interference from endogenous substances.